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The number of people working from home tripled between 2019 and 2021. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more Americans have found their work and home lives colliding on a scale never seen before. Families, thrust into this new situation, have been forced to figure out a way to balance the stress of both work- and home-life, creating space in their house that would allow for the concentration a profession requires. Children exist in an interesting juncture, finding a place for themselves alongside emails and reports. Preceding the pandemic by nearly two decades, the children’s horror novella Coraline examines the intrusions of work in the home of a lower-class family. The text offers room for us to recognize the forces that cause the parents in the story to focus on their jobs rather than the needs of their child. It also asks us to question whether or not these same forces have the potential to affect our daily lives in American society.
This study examines the impact of LOS on the likelihood of hospital readmission of pneumonia patients, with an emphasis on discharge disposition and patients’ underlying conditions. Using the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) between 2010 and 2014 provided by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), the study implements a multiple linear regression model and finds that readmission of pneumonia patients varies by LOS. It also finds that factors such as age, gender, medical comorbidities, insurance type, teaching status, hospital size, and discharge position affect the probability of hospital readmission of pneumonia patients.
Keywords: Pneumonia, LOS, Readmission
Most environmental problems, such as climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss, are transboundary issues, and can only be addressed effectively through international cooperation. Countries, therefore, have joined international agreements to solve such problems. Given the intensifying impacts of environmental issues, one may assume that international environmental agreements have been increasing in number. However, our preliminary investigation showed that international agreements have only increased up until the early 2000s and have been decreasing since then. How can we explain this recent downturn? In this project, we look for some explanations by analyzing the data from the International Environmental Agreements Database. We have found that (1) it was mostly bilateral agreements, not multilateral agreements, that have declined significantly; (2) agreements among European countries decreased; (3) compared to the new agreements, amendments to the existing agreements have been on an upward trend; (4) each subject of the agreements shows a different trend.
Keywords: International environmental agreements, international law, environmental problems, climate change, international agreements
This paper presents a cost benefit analysis of a hypothetical half semester parking pass. The half semester pass only grants parking rights for the portion of each semester with inclement weather. Commuters who purchase this pass are incentivized to use low-emission forms of transportation, like carpooling, biking, walking, or the bus. The analysis includes nominal costs of creating and enforcing a new pass, and the economic cost of foregone revenue for the college. The benefits include emissions reductions, savings on gas, and reduced congestion on campus. The analysis includes an estimation of the portion of commuters switching to the half semester pass in order to determine the magnitude of each of the aforementioned costs and benefits.
Keywords: negative externalities, climate change, parking pass, driving
The way that gender is perceived has changed rapidly over the past decade. There is a growing consensus that gender is not something that can be measured in the binary, but is instead a continuum on which everyone lies somewhere. Our study will be conducted on college students to examine how their gender identity predicts fields of study. We hope to find that people’s chosen fields of study will correlate with stereotypes associated with their gender identity rather than assigned birth gender. In cases where their gender identity stereotypes correlate with their chosen field, they will report more dedication and attachment. We expect that people will gravitate towards fields of study that match with their gender identity due to pressures from society to conform and getting less pushback for their choice, leading to higher attachment and comfort.
Keywords: Gender, Field of Study, Gender Identity, Non-Binary, Academic Major
Historical appraisal of gasoline stations has previously been limited primarily to their growing association with Big Oil in the twentieth century. Research emphasis has included: branding, architecture, place–product packaging, and the attrition of small independent operators, a withering which reached a crescendo in the 1970s. The middle ground of multiple station
independent ownership in regional or metropolitan settings remains largely unexplored. Based on oral sources, this paper traces the emergence and growth of a 134 - station ‘empire’ of discount retail gasoline stations in mostly, a single city. The Geiger-owned stations achieved recognition without branding, with canny location choices, and impressive price competition. However, their near-ascendancy in the 1970s could not survive a global oil crisis.
Keywords: gasoline stations, Big Oil, oral historical geography